• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    GRAIN DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR A PLANTER, METHOD FOR DISCHARGING GRAIN FROM A GRAIN RESERVOIR INTO A GRAIN TRACK AND PLANTADER This is a grain unloading system that employs a pair of rotating belts spaced from each other for each other. receiving the grains from a grain measuring device and to direct the grains to a desired location within a ditch on which the discharge system is positioned. The grains are received inside a gap formed between the belts and are pressed and retained between the belts as the belts move, consequently moving the grains from the grain measuring device to the discharge opening of the discharge system. The constant engagement of the grains with the belts through the unloading system prevents the grains from being shaken, thus maintaining a constant residence time for the grains inside the unloading system.
    公开号:BR102015028743B1
    申请号:R102015028743-7
    申请日:2015-11-16
    公开日:2021-02-09
    发明作者:Trevor L. Kowalchuk
    申请人:Cnh Industrial Canada, Ltd.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] The present invention relates to a mechanism in a seeding machine for transferring or moving the grains from a grain measurement system in the seeding machine to the soil. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Traditionally, in today's planters, grain meters separate the grains mechanically, or through a vacuum collection method, in order to deposit the grains in an optimized direction with the desired spacing in a ditch formed in the soil, on which the planter travels. The positioning and spacing of the grains deposited through the planter are important, as well as having significant effects on the harvest yield obtained from the grains.
    [003] Although, most grain meters can provide good grain separation and spacing directly out of the meter, several limitations will affect the actual rowed spacing of grains in the soil. In particular, after the grains are separated on the meters, the grains are usually deposited in a grain tube that directs the grains from the meter to the ditch. However, inherent variations in the release of grains out of the grain meter and into the grain tube are problematic areas that can affect the spacing lined up along the ditch, in which the grain is deposited.
    [004] In particular, the mechanical retainers or the holes present in the meter's vacuum disk cause the grains to be discharged from the meter into the grain tube with various velocity vectors, some of which are not parallel to the axis geometric pattern of the grain tube. Due to the fact that the grains enter the tube with those additional velocity vectors, the speed of the individual grain through the tube varies, which, in turn, varies the row spacing of the grains along the ditch. As an additional component of this variation, due to the velocity vectors for each grain, which may not be parallel to the geometric axis of the grain discharge pipe, when the meter releases the grain into the grain pipe, the grain may come loose from the walls of the grain tube, which additionally increases the duration of time spent by the grain in the tube and that aggravates the variations of the row spacing.
    [005] In an attempt to reduce the variation in the row spacing, Patent Application Publication No. US2011 / 0232554 reveals a grain delivery system for a seeding machine.
    [006] The delivery system uses a belt that includes several elongated bristles arranged on it. The belt and the bristles rotate in an arrangement arranged adjacent to a grain plate, so that the bristles separate at a point immediately adjacent to the grain plate, which allows the grains to stick together between the bristles. The continuous rotation of the belt moves the bristles and grains to a discharge opening at the bottom of the housing, the bristles separating again and let the grain fall out of the opening and into the ditch in a controlled direction and speed.
    [007] However, this refining for a grain delivery system requires that the bristles be rigid enough to trap the grains between the bristles, however, without allowing the grains to be housed in a place where they are not discharged. As a result, the grains are attached to the outer ends of the bristles as the straps move around the housing, so that the grains can come into contact and are dragged against the housing. This contact with the housing can degrade the grains and any coating applied to the grains, which can also be removed by means of the bristles, and can negatively impact the regular discharge of the grains by delaying the motion of the grains and the bristles in the housing and / or compression of the grains at a lower location between the bristles.
    [008] As a result, it is desirable to develop a grain unloading system that allows grains to be discharged from the system at a carefully controlled speed and direction, while allowing the grains to be displaced from the measuring device of grain for unloading without degrading the grains or any coating arranged on the grains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [009] According to an aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a grain unloading system is provided which employs a pair of rotating belts spaced in relation to each other to receive the grains from a grain measuring device and to direct the grains into a desired location in a ditch on which the discharge system is positioned. The grains are received in a gap formed between the belts, and are pressed and retained between the belts as the belts move, consequently displacing the grains from the grain measuring device to the discharge opening of the conveyor system. discharge. The constant engagement of the grains with the belts, through the unloading system, prevents the grains from loosening through it, maintaining a constant residence time for the grains in the unloading system.
    [010] In accordance with another aspect of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the grain is chafed against both belts as they move through the discharge system. The belts are rotated at constant and similar speeds, so that the grains are displaced at the same speed along both belts, thereby minimizing any entrainment or scraping of the grains against any surfaces of the unloading system. In addition, the constant and similar speed of each belt allows the grains to be discharged between the belts at a consistent and reproducible speed and direction, thus providing constant row-spaced grain.
    [011] Numerous objectives, aspects and additional advantages of the present invention will be evident from the detailed description below, given in conjunction with the figures in the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
    [012] The drawings illustrate the best way to practice the present invention, and the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference numbers represent similar parts throughout the drawings: Figure 1 is a view in isometric view of a planter or seeding machine that includes a grain unloading system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a side elevation view partially broken in the opposite direction of a grain measuring device and the grain unloading system of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a side elevation view partially broken in the opposite direction of the grain unloading system of Figure 2; and Figure 4 is a side elevation view partially broken in the opposite direction of the grain unloading system in Figure 3, showing the angle of the lower end of the belts being changed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [013] Referring now to the Figures in the drawings, in which similar reference numbers designate similar numbers throughout the description, Figure 1 reveals an example of a planter or seeding machine 10 shown, which contains the delivery system for grains of the present invention. Planter 10 includes a toolbar 12 as part of a planter frame 14. Multiple planting line units 16 are mounted on the toolbar. Planting line units 16 are typically identical for the given planter, but there may be differences. The planting line unit 16 is shown in greater detail in Figure 2. The planting line unit 16 is provided with a central frame member 20 that has a pair of arms extending upwards 21 at the front end thereof . The arms 21 connect to a parallelogram joint 22 to mount the row unit 16 to the tool bar 12 up and down, in relation to the movement between the unit 16 and the tool bar 12 in a known manner. The grain is stored in a grain hopper 24 and supplied to a grain meter 26. The grain meter 26 is of the type that uses a vacuum disk, as they are well known, to measure the grain. Other types of meters can also be used. From the grain meter 26, the grain is transported by means of a delivery system 28 into a planting groove, or ditch, formed in the soil by means of groove openers 30. The calibration wheels 32 control the depth the groove. The closing wheels 34 close the groove over the grain. The calibration wheels 32 are mounted to the frame member 20 by means of arms 36. The tool bar and the planting line unit are designed to be moved over the ground in a forward operating direction identified by the arrow 38.
    [014] The planting line unit 16 additionally includes a chemical chute 40, a row cleaner attachment 42 and a vertical downward force 44. The planting line unit 16 is shown as an example of the environment in which the planting system delivery of the present invention is used. The present invention can be used in any of a variety of types of planting machines, such as, but not limited to, row crop planters, seeders, air seeders, etc.
    [015] With reference to Figure 3, an exemplary embodiment of the grain delivery system 28 is shown in greater detail. The delivery system 28 includes a housing 48 positioned adjacent to the grain plate 50 of the grain meter 26. The grain plate 50 is generally a flat plate with a plurality of cracks 52 adjacent to the periphery of the plate 50. In the grain meter 26, the grains 56 are collected in the cracks from a grain set, and adhere to the plate by means of an air pressure differential on the opposite sides of the plate 50 in a known manner. The plate 50 may have a flat surface in the cracks 52 or have grain cells that surround the cracks 52, among other suitable constructions. Plate 50 rotates clockwise, as seen in Figure 3, as shown by means of arrow 54. To the right of Figure 3, grains 56 are shown adhered to plate 50.
    [016] Grains 56 are discharged off the plate 50 in a known manner, from the grain meter 26 into a gap 49 in the housing 48 surrounding a grain transfer mechanism 58 of the delivery system 28, located adjacent to the plate 50. In the exemplary embodiment of Figure 3, a loading wheel 86 is provided adjacent to the gap 49. The loading wheel 86 is positioned on the opposite side of the grains 56 from the grain transfer mechanism 58, so that the path of the grains 56 in the dish 50 brings the grains into a gap 88 formed between the loading wheel 86 and the gap 49. At the location of the gap 88, the air pressure differential across the grain dish 50 is interrupted, releasing grain 56 from slots 52 in plate 50. Loading wheel 86 contacts grain 56 and operates to direct grain 56 out of plate 50 into slot 49. In alternative embodiments, the loading wheel 86 can be replaced provided by a different structure to perform the same function, or eliminated completely, as the automatic vacuum switch on plate 50 is sufficient to allow grains 56 to fall from plate 50 into the gap 78.
    [017] Mechanism 58 includes a pair of endless belts 60.62 mounted on rollers 64 arranged in housing 48, which are operationally connected to a motor (not shown) to drive at least one of the rollers 64, such as the lower roller 64 'and, consequently, move the belts 60, 62 properly engaged with the rollers 64 around the path defined by means of the rollers 64.
    [018] The first belt 60 includes an upper end 66 located immediately adjacent to the plate 50 and a first section 68 that extends downwardly from the upper end 66. The first section 68 curves outwardly from the upper end 66 in a path defined by means of the rollers 64 towards the front of the planter 10. The curve of the first section 68 is continuous along the entire first section 68, as defined by means of the rollers 64 spaced together, and the first belt is directed 60 along the first section 68 until it reaches the lower end 70 of the first belt 60. At the lower end 70, the first belt 60 surrounds the lower roller 64 'and extends upwards along a second section 72 to the upper end 66. The second section 72 is also directed by means of one or more rollers 64, but these rollers 64 can have any suitable configuration.
    [019] The second belt 62 is positioned close to the first belt 60 and includes an upper end 74 and a first portion 76 that extend downwardly from the upper end 74. The second belt 62 is spaced from the first belt 60 by a position to define a gap 78 between the first section 68 of the first belt 60 and the first portion 76 of the second belt 62. The shape of the first portion 76 is configured by means of the rollers 64 positioned in the housing 48 and engaged with the second belt 62 to maintain the width of span 78 along the entire length of the belts 60.62 between the first section 68 and the first portion 76. As such, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, the first portion 76 of the belt 62 has a curved profile that it is concave to mirror the curved convex profile of the first section 68 of belt 60. The width of span 78 is selected so that it is slightly smaller than that of grain 56, so that grain 56 is engaged by at rite by the belts 60, 62 along the length of the gap 78 without the belts 60, 62 compressing and damaging the grain 56 or removing any coating applied to the grain 56.
    [020] At a lower end 80, the second belt 62 extends around a lower roller 64 ', which directs the belt 62 in the opposite direction of the first belt 60 and along a second section 82 in an upward direction to the upper end 74, which can have any suitable configuration As a result of the positioning of the rollers 64 in the housing 48 around which the second belt 62 is positioned.
    [021] The belts 60, 62 are each engaged with at least one of the rollers 64 around which the respective belts 60, 62 are positioned, which functions as a drive roller 64 '. The drive roller 64 'engaged with each belt 60, 62 is in turn engaged with a suitable drive mechanism (not shown), so that it connects to a suitable drive transmission, such as a transmission used to operate the grain meter 26 in a known manner. The drive rollers 64 'are also properly engaged with the belts 60, 62 in a known manner, such as by friction or by means of elements (not shown) formed in the belts 60, 62 which are engaged within complementary structures (not shown), formed on the drive rollers 64 'so that the belts 60, 62 rotate or move together with the rotation of the drive rollers 64' at a speed that can be controlled by the planter operator 10. The speed of the belts 60, 62, as controlled by rollers 64 ', can be selected as desired, but in an exemplary embodiment, rollers 64' are operated in order to rotate belts 60, 62 on them or at similar speeds.
    [022] In operation, the grain meter 26 is operated to move individual grains 56 to a point directly above the gap 78 formed between the upper ends 66 and 74 of the belts 60, 62, respectively, that is, arranged in alignment with the intake gap 49 in the housing 48 surrounding the delivery system 28. As shown in Figure 3, the position of the belts 60, 62 around the rollers 64, at the respective upper ends 66, 74, converges as the belts 60, 62 extend from the upper ends 66, 74 towards the gap 78 which forms a funnel-like structure below the gap 49, which directs any grains 56 so that they do not fall directly into the gap 78, along the straps 60, 62 or span 78. This configuration minimizes the time required for any grain 56 not to leave plate 50 to enter span 78, thereby maintaining a constant spacing between the beans 56 leaving plate 50. Belts 60, 62 are rotated s in opposite directions, clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively, shown by arrows A, A 'in Figure 3, so that belts 60, 62 pull grain 56 down into 78. This push effect of belts 60, 62 can be enhanced by forming belts 60, 62 from a suitable sticky coating or high friction material such as rubber, which can optionally have a friction enhancement coating or structures (not shown) positioned on them.
    [023] As each belt 60, 62 moves downwards along each side of the gap 78, the grain 56 is securely attached between the belts 60, 62. Additionally, as the belts 60, 62 are displaced by through the respective drive rollers 64 'at the same speed, the grain 56 is not dragged against one of the belts 60, 62 by means of the other belts, preventing damage from being caused to the grains 56 or any coating on the grains 56. Also, the material that forms the belts 60, 62 is flexible enough to allow the belts 60, 62 to be slightly deformed by the grain 56 positioned between the belts 60, 62, so that the belts 60, 62 securely engage the grain 56 as the even moves along the length of span 78.
    [024] When grain 56 is moved to lower ends 70, 80 of belts 60, 62, belts 60, 62 diverge, consequently, widening the gap 78 and disengaging belts 60, 62 from grain 56. As grain 56 is disengaged, the speed of belts 60, 62 given to grain 56, as it moves along span 78, causes grain 56 to be released or discharged from belts 60, 62 at a controlled speed that directs the grain 56 out of the belts 60, 62 and through a discharge opening 84 in the housing 48 which is aligned with the gap 78 and with the lower ends 70, 80 of the belts 60,62. In addition, the angle of span 78 at lower ends 70, 80, as defined by belts 60, 62, causes grain 56 to be directed out of span 78 in a specific direction corresponding to the angle of span 78. With that speed and In controlled directions, the grain 56 can be dispensed via the grain delivery system 26 in a carefully controlled manner to achieve optimum spacing of the grain 56 from each other in the ditch over which the system 26 passes.
    [025] In alternative embodiments, the speed of belts 60, 62 of system 26 can be configured to be similar to or greater than the speed of the speed of unloading grain 56 from the grain meter 22. Also, in the exemplary illustrated embodiment , the rear belt 60 is arranged in a curved position to enable the front belt 62 to hold the grain 56 in the gap 78 between the belts 60, 62, as a result of the front belt 60 wanting to contract naturally. In addition, as best seen in Figure 4, the angle of the lower ends 70, 80 of the belts 60, 62 can be optionally changed in an operational way for planter 10, by shifting the position of the lower rollers 64, 64 ' , 64 ”to change the discharge angle α for grains 56 leaving the gap 78 in system 26 through the discharge shaft 79. In this way, system 22 can provide desired spacing between grains 56 by changing the discharge angle, optionally, together with a change in the speed of rotation of the drive rollers 64 'and belts 60, 62 to bring the grains 56 dispensed by means of the system 28 closer together or additionally apart.
    [026] In other alternative embodiments, the belts 60, 62 can be executed with speeds corresponding to the speed of the planter 10, that is, the belts 60, 62 are activated faster if the speed in the soil of the planter 10 increases and slower if the speed of planter 10 decreases. In this or any other embodiment, the operating speed of belts 60, 62 is a function of the desired grain population rate and the speed in the planter soil 10, in order to achieve a desired grain population in the groove. As such, this alternative realization of belt speeds 60, 62 can be produced to be variable in view of reality and potentially change the speed of the planter 10, as opposed to the constant, regardless of the speed of the planter 10.
    [027] In yet another alternative embodiment, although the speed of belts 60, 62 is typically adjusted to unload grain 56 at the same speed as the forward movement of planter 10, belts 60, 62 can also be operated at faster speeds faster or slower than planter speed 10 to achieve a different grain positioning effect.
    [028] Still in an additionally alternative embodiment, as a substitute for the rollers 64, the grain transfer mechanism 58 may include a guide mat (not shown), or similar structure, attached to the belts 60, 62 to guide the belts 60, 62 inside the mechanism 58. The belt is formed from a slow friction material, such as Teflon®, and moves the belts 60, 62 in the desired configuration under the direction of the drive rollers 64 ', 64 ”as a less expensive alternative than than rollers 64 with less maintenance required due to accumulation of dust and / or accumulation of grain coating.
    [029] Additionally, in any of the above embodiments, the spacing of roller 64 or similar guide structures in mechanism 58 can be varied by mounting rollers 64 to housing 48 to enable rollers 64 to move and accommodate grains 56 of different sizes. For example, rollers 64 may include springs (not shown) that enable rollers 64 to move in a way that expands and contracts the size of the gap 78 between belts 60, 62, depending on the size of grain 56 that passes between the belts 60,62, so that belts 60, 62 can engage any type and / or size of grain 56 with the same or a very similar force that can effectively move grain 56 along span 78 without causing damage to grain 56 or any coating on grain 56.
    [030] Several other alternatives are contemplated and are in the scope of the following claims that specifically point out and claim in a different way the subject considered by the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    1. GRAIN DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR A PLANTER, the system comprising: a. a housing (48) that includes an intake opening (49) and a discharge opening (84); B. a pair of straps (60, 62) movably arranged inside the housing (48) between the intake gap (49) and the discharge opening (84), where the pair of straps (60, 62) defines a span (78) between them, which has a width less than that of a grain to be dispensed by means of the system; the system being characterized by the fact that: the adjacent surfaces of the pair of belts (60, 62) that define the span (78) are curved in a complementary way with each other; and the span portion (78) between the lower portions (70, 80) of the pair of belts (60, 62) extends along the discharge axis (79) which defines the direction in which the grain is discharged; and the discharge shaft (79) can be adjusted to change the angle (α) at which the grain is discharged from the discharge opening (84).
    [0002]
    2. SYSTEM, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that it additionally comprises several rollers (64) arranged inside the housing (48) and around which the pair of belts (60, 62) is positioned.
    [0003]
    3. SYSTEM, according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that at least one of the rollers (64) attached to each one of the pair of belts (60, 62) is a drive roller operationally connected to a locking mechanism. drive.
    [0004]
    4. SYSTEM, according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that each one of the pair of belts (60, 62) is mechanically engaged to the associated drive roller.
    [0005]
    5. SYSTEM, according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that each one of the pair of belts (60, 62) is engaged by friction to the associated drive roller.
    [0006]
    6. SYSTEM, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pair of belts (60, 62) is formed of a flexible material.
    [0007]
    7. SYSTEM, according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the width of the span (78) is consistent between an upper end and a lower end of each one between the first belt (60) and the second belt (62) .
    [0008]
    8. PLANTER, characterized by the fact that it includes the grain delivery system as defined in claim 1.
    [0009]
    9. METHOD FOR DISCHARGING GRAIN FROM A GRAIN RESERVOIR INTO A GRAIN DITCH, which comprises: a) providing a grain meter (26) operationally connected to the grain reservoir (24) and a grain delivery system (28) operationally connected to the grain meter (26), and the grain delivery system (28) includes a housing (48) that has an intake opening (49), a discharge opening (84) and a pair of belts (60, 62) arranged inside the housing (48), with the belts (60, 62) defining a gap (78) between them, which has a width smaller than that of a grain to be dispensed through the grain delivery system (28); b) remove a grain from the grain reservoir using the grain meter (26); c) transferring the grain from the grain meter (26) to the grain delivery system (28) through the intake gap (49); and d) dispense the grain from the grain delivery system (28) out of the discharge opening (84), into the grain ditch, the grain dispensing step comprises the additional steps of: 1) engaging the grain inside the span (78) defined between the pair of belts (60, 62); and 2) moving the grain along the belts (60, 62) to the discharge opening (84); the method being characterized by the fact that the gap (78) between the pair of belts (60, 62) defines an arcuate passage, in which the lower portion of the arcuate passage extends along the discharge axis (79) which defines the direction in which the grain is dispensed; and the discharge shaft (79) can be adjusted to change the angle (α) at which the grain is discharged from the discharge opening (84).
    [0010]
    10. METHOD, according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the step of moving the grain along the belts (60 62) comprises rotating the belts in relation to each other.
    [0011]
    11. METHOD, according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the step of turning the belts (60, 62) comprises turning the belts in opposite directions.
    [0012]
    12. METHOD, according to claim 10, characterized by the fact that the step of turning the belts comprises rotating the belts at similar speeds.
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    同族专利:
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    KR102117842B1|2018-08-10|2020-06-03|대호 |Seeder unit having improved mounting part|
    WO2020051652A1|2018-09-12|2020-03-19|Máquinas Agricolas Jacto S.a.|Gear system used in a device for metering out and conveying seeds under vacuum|
    法律状态:
    2016-05-31| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention|
    2018-11-06| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-12-22| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-02-09| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/11/2015, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US14/554,618|US9814176B2|2014-11-26|2014-11-26|Belted seed transfer mechanism|
    US14/554,618|2014-11-26|
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